Involvement of thinking in solving problem

@learningworld

 Thinking

Definitions
Bruner, (1975)  Going beyond the information given.
Bartlett, (1958)  A complex and high-level skill that fills up gaps in the evidence.
Newell & Simon, (1972)  A process of searching through a problem space

Types of thinking
Focused:
Clear starting point and
Had a specific goal
Problem-solving
Unfocused:
Unintentionally calling to mind several different and loosely related ideas
Daydreaming

Creative Thinking: 
It is an aspect of unfocused thinking
Studying Thinking
Dedicated to studying how people think.
Problems/puzzles not equal to (≠) Everyday thinking
Introspection(self-analysis): detailed observation of steps taken as work is being done on the problem.

Some of the ways are as follows:
Say whatever is in your mind
Don’t hold back any intentions, ideas, images, etc.
Speak as continuously as possible
Speak audibly
Don't over-explain or justify.
Don’t elaborate on past events
Get into the pattern of saying what you are thinking now etc.

Problem-Solving
(Classic Problems and Solutions)
Generate-and-test technique:

A trial-and-error method of issue solving in which a potential solution is developed and tested to see if it is effective. If it fails to be productive, a different option is developed and tested, and so on until a good answer is discovered.

How thinking helps in problem-solving: 

Planning and problem-solving are phrases used to describe the ability to employ information, evidence, and data to overcome challenges. This requires being able to think critically, evaluate problems, and devise solutions—not that it's necessary for an immediate answer right away.

Why thinking and problem-solving are important: 

By addressing challenges, we can recognize and capitalize on the planet's alternatives, as well as have (some) control over our fate. Problem-solving abilities, as well as the issue-solving process, are crucial components of daily life for individuals and organizations alike.