Vulnerability of smog in Pakistan

Vulnerability of smog in Pakistan 

Smog is a serious problem in Pakistan, especially in the country's three most populated cities: Lahore, Faisalabad, and Gujranwala. The situation worsens every winter because of development, agricultural burning, and rising traffic pollution. These elements cause major health problems like eye infections, heart ailments, and respiratory disorders like asthma.

Causes of smog in Pakistan: 

Pollution of traffic.

 The situation is made worse by the rising number of cars on the road and inferior gasoline.

Urbanization.

Deforestation and unsustainable city expansion are two factors that trigger poor air quality.

Crop burning.

Whenever crops are burned to make way for new plantings, dangerous chemicals are released into the atmosphere.

Industrialization. 

A rise in emissions is the result of uncontrolled growth in manufacturing. 

Impact of smog on health: 

Significant health concerns are associated with smog, especially for teenagers, older individuals, and those with underlying medical issues. Particular Pollution 2.5 (PM 2.5) exposure can cause lung damage, respiratory issues, and even early death. 

Government efforts: 

In order to confront smog, the Punjab government has started a number of campaigns, such as launching schemes for public transportation to lessen traffic pollution, putting efforts to reforest into action, forbidding the burning of crops, and charging anyone who does so.
To enhance air quality and address the underlying causes of smog, more work must be done. Cooperation and public knowledge are essential for reducing the harmful effects of pollution. 

Environmental impacts:

• Transportation and everyday activities are affected by low visibility.
• Crop and agricultural production loss.
• Damage to wildlife and natural areas.
• A higher chance of acid rain.

Economic consequences: 

• An estimated $1.5 billion is lost to Pakistan's economy each year.
• Effects on the tourism and hospitality sectors.
• Higher medical expenses and decreased productivity. 

Solutions and recommendations: 

• Set the standard for automotive emissions and fuel quality.
• Encourage the use of alternate modes of transportation, such as electric vehicles and cycling.
• Put in place appropriate waste management methods.
• Implement emissions from factory restrictions.
• Inform farmers about several approaches to crop management.
• Raise public awareness of the negative health effects of pollution.
• Work together with nearby nations to solve pollution problems in the area.